Wildlife Sanctuaries, Rajasthan |
Introduction
Between the Himalayas and the Nilgiri mountain ranges,
the highest place (about 1700 MSL) is Mt. Abu is not only
a sanctuary but also a fascinating hill station of Rajasthan.
It is a living example of an inextricable mix of religion
and tourism. The sanctuary spread over 288 kms is dominated
by subtropical evergreen forests known for its cool refreshing
air, fully charged with the jasmine. |
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Location
The sanctuary comprises the oldest mountain ranges
the Aravalis in Sirohi district of Rajasthan. The
detached group of hills rise suddenly from the flat
plain like a rocky island. The sanctuary is situated
between 24°33' and 24°43' North latitude and 72°38'
and 72°53' East longitude.
Topography
In shape this sanctuary is long and narrow but the
top spreads out into a picturesque plateau which
is about 19Km. in length and 5-8 Km. in breadth
. Attitudinally it varies from 300m . at foot hill
to 1722m. at Gurushikar , the highest peak of the
Aravali ranges . The rocks are igneous and due to
the weathering effect of wind and water , large
cavities are common in the rocks . This feature
is typical of Aravalis and particularly of Mt. Abu
. toad Rock in Mount Abu is one such example. |
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Flora
Mount Abu has a very rich floral biodiversity starting
with xeromorphic subtropical thorn forest at the foot
hills to subtropical evergreen forest along water courses
and valleys at higher altitudes. These forests consist
of 112 plant families with 449 genera and 820 species.
Of these, 663 species are dicots while 157 species are
monocots. Some endemic, rare and threatened plants viz.
Dicliptera abuensis, Strobillanthes callosus, Ischaemum
kingii, Convolvulus blatteri, Ceropegia odorata, and Hydrilla
polysperma are found here. Some endangered species included
in the Red Data Book of I.U.C.N. for example, Anogeissus
sericea, Begonia tricocarpa, Crotalaria filipes, Indigofera
constrata also exist here. |
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Fauna
It is unique in the sense that more than 250 species of
birds are found here, but the speciality of the Abu sanctuary
is the grey jungle fowl. The leopard sloth bear, wild
boar, sambar, chinkara and langur are the other inhabitants
here. A variety of fauna including highly rare, threatened
and endangered species are found in this sanctuary. The
past history of Mount Abu indicates the presence of Lion
(last recorded in 1872) and Tiger (last reported in 1970).
Presently, the Panther is the apex predator. Other animals
found here are Sambhar, Jungle Cat, Small Indian Civet,
Wolf, Hyaena, Jackal, Indian Fox, Common Langoor,Wild
Boar, Pangolin, Ratel, Common Mongoose, India Hare Porcupine,
Hedgehog, etc. The sanctuary provides an ideal habitat
for Sloth Bear. The population of Sloth Bear is increasing
regularly as it can be seen while going through
the forests or motoring on the road. This sanctuary
is so filled with the activities of birds that it is a
sort of pilgrimage for bird lovers. |
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