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The oldest archaeological evidence of Goa’s ancient history
belongs to this period. Various copper plates, stone inscriptions,
coins, manuscripts and temple inscriptions unearthed during
excavations throw light on the prevalent condition in Ancient
Goa, though not in enough detail and often nebulous.
The Girnar rock-edict of the Mauryan King Ashok mentions
the people of Goa as Peitinikas, Rashtrikas and Bhojas. Ashok
sent the Buddhist monk Dharmarakshita to spread Buddhism in
Goa.
Jainism also reached this land as proved by the discovery
of a Jain temple at Kundan. Goa formed a fringed part of the
Mauryan Empire.
The Satvahanas annexed Konkan in the 2nd century BC after the
fall of the Mauryan empire. They administered the coastal areas
directly and appointed the Bhojas, related to them matrimonially,
as their feudatories in the Goan inland of Chandramandala region.
Ptolemy (1st century AD) described this land as Kowa and its
Chandramandala neighbourhood as Khersonesoa. The Kushana Khastrapas
of Gujarat and Maharashtra briefly captured Goa around 150 AD
but the Satvahana King Gautami Putra Satkarni defeated them.
In the 4th century AD, the Abhiras captured Konkan and made
the Traikutakas as their feudatories. The Kalachuris conquered
Konkan in the middle of the 6th century AD. They established
the Mauryans of Konkan as Governors of Aparanta Konkan. But
the Western Chalukyas drove the Mauryans out and ruled Konkan
from 578-750 AD through their feudatories. They described
this land as Revatidvipa, Mahasaptama and Iridigeresaya.
Six copperplate inscriptions reveal the Bhoja administration
between 4th and 7th century AD from Chandrapur (modern day
Chandor). Goa came under the Rashtrakuta rule from 750 – 1020
AD. The Shilaharas administered this land as their feudatories.
But the Kadambas succeeded the Shilharas in 1020 AD. They
served as feudatories of Kalyani Chalukyas (973-1162 AD) and
of Yadavas of Devgiri (1163-1300 AD). Their rule marked the
most glorious phase in history of ancient Goa. The Kadamba
ruler Jayakeshi I developed the city of Gopakapattana as his
capital.
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