Medieval Goa witnessed intense
conflicts for the supremacy over this prosperous and
strategically important land by different rulers at
different times, belonging to the Kadamba-Chalukyas,
Delhi Sultanate, Vijaynagar, Bahamani and Bijapur.
Goa continuously kept on changing hands from one ruler
to another until the Portuguese takeover in 1510 AD.
The Kadamba Chalukyas
When the Yadava King of Devgiri, Ramchandra (1271-1310
AD) was humbled by the Khilji Sultan, Alla-ud-din in
1294 AD, the fight for Konkan flared up between the
Hoysala Vir Ballal III and the Kadamba Kavadeva. Kavadeva
defeated Vir Ballal in February 1301 AD with the help
of Vetuji and Someshwara Chalukya at Sangameshvara. |
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Between 1303 and 1306 AD the Yadavas and the Hoysalas resumed
their hostility, but the former had to back off because of
advances of Alla-ud-din. Malik Kafur, the general of Alla-ud-din
defeated Ballal III (1290-1310) and plundered his capital
Dvarsamudra. During all these years, Kavadeva enjoyed authority
over Goa region.
The Delhi Sultanate
In his 4th invasion of the Deccan in 1312, Malik Kafur might
have destroyed the Kadamba capital Gopakapattana. In 1318,
the capital was shifted to the fortified, interior city of
Chandrapura. However, it too perished at the hands of the
Delhi Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlak (1325-1351 AD). He appointed
Harihara I as his governor for southern territories including
Goa. It is possible that the Goa Kadambas might have regained
their lost Kingdom during 1327-1336 AD. According to a copperplate
grant, King Bhimabhupal, possibly a chieftain under the Kadambas,
was ruling over Konkan from Govapuri in 1351 AD.
The Vijaynagar Kingdom
After the departure of Muhammad bin Tughlak from the Deccan,
Harihara declared independence. He and his brother Bukka I
under the guidance of famous Hindu saint and the head of Sringeri
Math, Vidyaranyasvami, who is also identified with the distinguished
jurist Madhav Mantri, established the mighty Hindu Kingdom
of Vijaynagar (the City of Victory) in 1336 AD. Vijaynagar
illuminated the landscape of Deccan History for 229 years
(1336-1565 AD). By 1347 AD, Malerajya and Palasige of the
Goa Kadambas were incorporated into the Vijaynagar Empire.
Goa formed a strategically and commercially important province
on the western border of the Vijaynagar Empire.
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