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Medieval Goa

Medieval Goa witnessed intense conflicts for the supremacy over this prosperous and strategically important land by different rulers at different times, belonging to the Kadamba-Chalukyas, Delhi Sultanate, Vijaynagar, Bahamani and Bijapur.

Goa continuously kept on changing hands from one ruler to another until the Portuguese takeover in 1510 AD.

The Kadamba Chalukyas
When the Yadava King of Devgiri, Ramchandra (1271-1310 AD) was humbled by the Khilji Sultan, Alla-ud-din in 1294 AD, the fight for Konkan flared up between the Hoysala Vir Ballal III and the Kadamba Kavadeva. Kavadeva defeated Vir Ballal in February 1301 AD with the help of Vetuji and Someshwara Chalukya at Sangameshvara.

Between 1303 and 1306 AD the Yadavas and the Hoysalas resumed their hostility, but the former had to back off because of advances of Alla-ud-din. Malik Kafur, the general of Alla-ud-din defeated Ballal III (1290-1310) and plundered his capital Dvarsamudra. During all these years, Kavadeva enjoyed authority over Goa region.

The Delhi Sultanate
In his 4th invasion of the Deccan in 1312, Malik Kafur might have destroyed the Kadamba capital Gopakapattana. In 1318, the capital was shifted to the fortified, interior city of Chandrapura. However, it too perished at the hands of the Delhi Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlak (1325-1351 AD). He appointed Harihara I as his governor for southern territories including Goa. It is possible that the Goa Kadambas might have regained their lost Kingdom during 1327-1336 AD. According to a copperplate grant, King Bhimabhupal, possibly a chieftain under the Kadambas, was ruling over Konkan from Govapuri in 1351 AD.

The Vijaynagar Kingdom
After the departure of Muhammad bin Tughlak from the Deccan, Harihara declared independence. He and his brother Bukka I under the guidance of famous Hindu saint and the head of Sringeri Math, Vidyaranyasvami, who is also identified with the distinguished jurist Madhav Mantri, established the mighty Hindu Kingdom of Vijaynagar (the City of Victory) in 1336 AD. Vijaynagar illuminated the landscape of Deccan History for 229 years (1336-1565 AD). By 1347 AD, Malerajya and Palasige of the Goa Kadambas were incorporated into the Vijaynagar Empire. Goa formed a strategically and commercially important province on the western border of the Vijaynagar Empire.

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